My Little Patch Of HomeGrown Goodness

As summer is growing closer and closer everyday, I have decided I am going to try and grow a garden this year. I have always wanted to but never had the space or spare time. I still do not have much spare time but I am going to make time but this year I have the perfect place for a little garden at our new house.
I LOOOOOVE tomatoes, I eat so many of them in the summer that I get canker sores from all of the acid in them. So of course in my garden I would like to grow Tomatoes , Cherry tomatoes, Cucumbers ( I don't like cucumbers but I have a good Sweet Pickle Medley recipe) and would also like to jar dill pickles, if I could find a good recipe for them. My friend in Mississippi is supposed to be forwarding me her grandmother's recipe for Dill Pickles. She and I used to eat them like crazy and I have never found a homemade dill pickle taste as good as her Grandmothers.but I am always open for new recipes I wolud also like to maybe plant some green peppers, banana peppers, green beans, and Eric wants to plant pumpkins.
The problem is... I have no idea what I am doing. I mean I know how to dig a hole and plant but I do not know when or what the temp. needs to be to plant. I also don't know if it's already too late to plant some of the items I want in my little patch of homegrown goodness. The pumpkins, peppers and beans are what I am worried about. I have tried to do research online but every site tells you something different. I am running out of time and can't keep trying to figure this out or it is going to be Sept. and I will be making my weekly trips to Suters. I would hate to spend all this money on plants or seeds and the garden just be a patch of weeds but I think my only option is going to be to wing it and plant. I am going to weed and water and drench everything in Miracle Grow and bug protector, pray and keep my fingers crossed that it grows. Wish me luck and you never know... if my garden produces I may just show up at your doorstep with a basket of fresh produce... I am be dreamin' big but it could happen.